Insect mitochondrial (mt) genomes are of great interest in researching on molecular evolution, phylogenetics and population genetics. Aphidoidea have about more than 5 000 known species including some agricultural, forestry and horticultural pests. However, only nine complete mt genomes have been previously released in this insect group since the first one, Schizaphis graminum (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Aphidinae) in 2004. Herein, we present the complete mitochondrial genome of Eriosoma lanigerum, the first species from the subfamily Eriosomatinae. This study takes this species as an example, combing the research during past 12 years, and concludes the general methods to obtain, analyze and annotate the complete mitochondrial genome of aphid species.