A molecular study based on COI, 16S and 28S genes reveals that a batch of specimens (7 males and 4 females) of Dysphaea Selys, 1853 collected from central Vietnam, which include different color patterns of wings and body, and were originally identified as three different species, are all the same species. This study implies that, in some group of Odonata, identification only depending on color pattern may be unreliable, no matter what huge variations there are.